The Role of The Community and Village Empowerment Agency (Dpmd) in Guiding the PKK Health Program (A Case Study of Cowek Village, Purwodadi District, Pasuruan Regency)

Abstract

Village development is not only directed at physical infrastructure but also at strengthening community capacity, and health remains one of the most critical dimensions of family welfare. The Family Welfare Movement (PKK) in the health sector plays a strategic role in supporting community-based health services, yet its implementation depends heavily on the guidance provided by the local Community and Village Empowerment Agency (DPMD). Preliminary observations in Cowek Village, Purwodadi Subdistrict, Pasuruan Regency indicated that the PKK health program has been carried out routinely by the PKK Mobilization Team together with health workers, while DPMD's guidance function has mostly been carried out through coordination and capacity-building rather than direct field assistance. This phenomenon raises the need to examine how DPMD performs its role as the supervisor of the PKK health program. This study aims to describe the role of DPMD Pasuruan Regency as the supervisor of the PKK Health Program in Cowek Village. This research used a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with DPMD officials, the Village Head, the head of the Village PKK Mobilization Team, PKK cadres, the village midwife, and community members, complemented by field observation and documentation. Data were analyzed through data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, guided by Biddle and Thomas's role theory covering the indicators of norm, expectation, performance, evaluation, and sanction. The results show that DPMD has carried out its supervisory role adequately through cadre training, coordination meetings, information facilitation, and administrative guidance, all grounded in the national PKK policy and adapted to each village's needs. All stakeholders share a common expectation that guidance should be more intensive, while DPMD applies a developmental rather than punitive approach toward underperforming activities. However, direct field mentoring has not been carried out routinely due to the large number of villages under DPMD's supervision, indicating a condition of role strain rather than a lack of normative clarity or commitment. This study recommends strengthening DPMD's institutional capacity through additional supervisory personnel and zone-based mentoring schedules to make guidance more equitable and sustainable.

Keywords: DPMD, Role, PKK Program, Health, Village Empowerment